A Concise Cybersecurity Tutorial You Need For 2024

Introduction

Do you want to be a cyber security expert and seeking a proper cybersecurity guide that can set you on this path? Well, then you have come to the right place. The first thing that’s crucial here is an effective cyber security training to start with, as somebody who's looking forward to a position in this field must be competent enough to impress the employers with his/her robust cyber security skills. After all, it's all about the security aspects.

Did you know? In 2023 alone, there were 97 cybercrime victims per hour. Without the tireless work of cyber security professionals, many websites would be virtually impossible to operate due to an ongoing denial of service attack. Most professionals today focus on figuring out the best way to defend everything from computers and smartphones to networks and databases from attackers. A cyber security certification training will help you to build a strong foundation in the cyber security domain and get a clear idea of the cyber security courses.

An introduction to cyber security tutorial will help to acknowledge all the technical aspects of cyber security best practices, including security, risk management, and ethical hacking. So, pull up your socks and dive into the Cyber Security Tutorial for Beginners.

What is Cyber Security?

This Cyber Security is a discipline that covers how to defend devices and services against electronic attacks by malevolent actors such as hackers, spammers, etc. It is a term to describe all forms of protection against every form of cyber threat. Cyber security allows organizations to protect their computers and applications from any form of malicious attacks. This technology's main aim is to prevent cyber attackers from corrupting or accessing an organization's systems or data.  

A cybersecurity tutorial is designed to help many audiences, organizations, and businesses create awareness about hacking and help them in the long run. As hackers are becoming more competent in their hacking approaches, having some protocol to protect us from the evil effects of such cyber attackers ensures that our data doesn’t get into the wrong hands. So, when discussing cyber security, you might think, “What are we trying to protect ourselves from?” Here are the three aspects-

• Unauthorized access
• Unauthorized deletion
• Unauthorized modification

These are synonymous with the CIA triad, which stands for Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability.

What are the Types of Cyber Threats?

Cyber attacks hit organizations and businesses every day. Cyber professionals are continually striving to defend these services from the risk of getting hacked. A cyber threat refers to any possible malicious attack that seeks to illegally access data, disrupt digital operations, or damage information. Reading our cyber security tutorial till the end shall give an in-depth understanding of the various types of cyber threats that should be taken care of along with cyber security best practices:

1. Malware- It is malicious software that includes spyware, ransomware, viruses, and worms. It may install harmful software, block access to your computer resources, disturb the system, or secretly transfer information from your data storage.
2. Trojans- Do you know the story of the Trojan Horse in mythology? Similarly, trojans in cyber security trick the attackers into thinking that they are opening a harmless file. It creates a backdoor to access data from the system.
3. Phishing- Phishing attacks use fake communication such as emails, tempting the user into opening it and carrying out the instructions written inside. The goal is to steal sensitive information such as credit card pins or numbers.
4. SQL Injection- SQL or Structured Query Language injection is a malicious attack on a server using SQL. The server releases information after being attacked.
5. Denial of Service(DoS)- DoS is a type of cyber attack that floods the system or network so that it is unable to respond to requests. This is done to “handshake” processes and effectively overload the system to make it incapable of responding.

Learn more about the in-demand cyber security certifications that will increase your chances of getting hired x2 times.

What are the Applications of Cyber Security?

In this section of cyber security basics for beginners, let's unfold the applications of cyber security to protect systems from penetration or disruption by external threats. 

• Secure data and information- In the digital age, data matters most. Information security is also one of the key priorities of organizations that we are aiming to emphasize in our cybersecurity guide. Any minor breach or compromise in the security of the company can affect the value of the trademark on the market, especially when it comes to proof of identity and finances. We have tried to cover the concept with some cyber security fundamentals that shall further explain how businesses are investing in developing stringent measures for data protection.
• Develop Firewalls- Cybersecurity concepts are consistently used to create state-of-the-art software and programs. These antivirus, firewalls, and network security shields against cyber threats. Firewalls help access private networks to protect against several threats, including viruses, worms, and Trojans.

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• Network Security- Cyber security principles rest on network policies and their environment. Security policies help in understanding the differences between legitimate and malicious software.
• Threat Hunting- Threat Hunts are regular checks and assessments of the data parameter environment to discover system-wide gaps and vulnerabilities. These can optimize systems for better accuracy and speedy responses.
• Application control- Hackers always target critical systems with further valuable information. Cyber security best practices and measures guarantee the highest security protocols to create systems to avoid data breaches. Further, cybersecurity applications are also used for creating the next generation of anti-virus, and ransomware protection.

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What is Ethical Hacking & How is it Different From Hacking?

The term “hacker” was initially coined to describe the experts who have used their skills to overhaul mainframe systems, increase efficiencies, and enable them to perform multiple tasks at the same time. However, the new version of hacking means gaining unauthorized access to computer systems by using bugs or malice. Further down, our cyber security guide shall expand on the term ethical hacking and how it is different from normal hacking. Learn what are the Top 10 Ethical Hacking Tools in 2024 to become a certified hacker.

Firstly, you need to understand that all hacking is not bad, which is something that is covered in the cyber security fundamentals. This is where the term “ethical hacking” comes in. Ethical hacking is an authorized practice of identifying vulnerabilities in an organization's application, system, or infrastructure and circumventing the system. The primary work of ethical hackers is to investigate the weak points or vulnerabilities that make it easier for the “unethical” hackers. Ethical hackers are hired by organizations to look into the vulnerabilities in their systems and design solutions through cyber security techniques to protect against data breaches. A good Cyber security basics training course can give greater insights into the skills and responsibilities of an ethical hacker. 

What is Penetration Testing? How is it Different from Ethical Hacking?

Till now, we have discussed ethical hacking. But how is penetration testing different from ethical hacking? Ethical hacking is a broad area and an encompassing term, while penetration testing is a part of ethical hacking. Let’s explain briefly about the difference between ethical hacking and pen testing in this cybersecurity guide.

Penetration Testing, also referred to as Pen testing, is a simulated cyber attack to check the weak points or the vulnerabilities of your computer system. It involves breaching front-end and back-end servers to uncover vulnerabilities that are prone to code attacks. Penetration testing includes 5 stages:

Penetration testing is specifically aimed at evaluating information systems, whereas ethical hacking encompasses a wider range of activities for safeguarding these systems. Ethical hacking involves a broader array of job functions and responsibilities compared to penetration testing. With this distinction in mind, let's explore the tools and platforms commonly utilized by ethical hackers.

What is Kali Linux?

Kali Linux is a Debian-based OS specifically tailored for advanced penetration testing and security auditing. It is a popular choice among hackers and security experts alike. The platform includes a vast array of tools designed for a variety of information security tasks, including computer forensics and reverse engineering.

Key features of Kali Linux are:

• Over 600 tools
• Open-source nature
• Extensive customization options
• Broad wireless support
• Multi-language capabilities
• Rapid injection processes

What is SQL Injection? How to prevent SQL Injection?

After learning about ethical hacking and penetration testing you must have an idea by now that these web hacking techniques are becoming increasingly popular, particularly the ones that can potentially damage your software. Another dangerous technique is  SQL Injection that can affect data-driven applications. SQL Injection involves inserting harmful SQL code to gain unauthorized access to data, which can potentially damage or corrupt your database.

SQL Injection is mainly a code-based vulnerability that enables an attacker to access and retrieve sensitive data from a database. By exploiting this vulnerability, attackers can circumvent application security measures and execute SQL queries to alter, add, update, or delete records within the database. Websites or web applications that utilize relational databases such as MySQL, Oracle, or SQL Server are particularly susceptible to SQL injection attacks. Recent years have seen numerous security breaches attributable to such attacks.

Different types of SQL Injection

How to Prevent SQL Injection

Here are some effective strategies to prevent SQL injection:

• Use Prepared Statements and Parameterized Queries: These approaches ensure that parameters inserted into SQL statements are handled securely, reducing the risk of injection attacks.
• Object-Relational Mapping (ORM): ORM frameworks help development teams convert SQL result sets into code objects smoothly, minimizing direct SQL query handling.
• Escape Inputs: Escaping input is a straightforward method to defend against SQL injection. Many programming languages offer built-in functions for this purpose. It's important to use escape characters correctly when constructing SQL statements in your code.

Additional methods to safeguard against SQL injection include:

• Password Hashing: Encrypting passwords to enhance security.
• Third-Party Authentication: Utilizing external authentication services for added protection.
• Web Application Firewall (WAF): Implementing a WAF to filter and monitor HTTP requests.
• Upgrading Software: Investing in high-quality software with robust security features.
• Applying Patches and Updates: Regularly updating software and applying patches to fix vulnerabilities.
• Continuous Monitoring: Keeping an eye on SQL statements and database activities to detect and respond to suspicious actions.

What is Firewall and Why Is It Important For your Data?

By now, you should recognize the serious threat that cyberattacks pose to your system and data. Nevertheless, cybersecurity engineers have been diligently working to counter these threats with strong security measures. One such tool that can help protect your network and devices from unauthorized access is a firewall. Let’s learn about this below:

A firewall is a network security tool that monitors and controls both incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predefined security rules set by an organization. It essentially serves as a barrier between an internal network and the public Internet.

Just as a fence around a property keeps your home secure and deters intruders, firewalls protect computer networks. These security systems block unauthorized access and can be either hardware-based or software-based. They filter network traffic according to established rules to identify and prevent potential cyberattacks.

Firewalls are essential in both business and personal environments, forming a critical part of network security. While most operating systems come with a basic firewall, third-party firewall applications offer enhanced protection

Different Types of Firewalls

Firewalls come in two main forms: software and hardware. Software firewalls are applications installed on individual computers that manage network traffic by regulating applications and port numbers. In contrast, hardware firewalls are physical devices positioned between your network and the gateway. Additionally, firewalls provided as a service through the cloud are known as cloud firewalls.

Firewalls can be categorized based on their methods of traffic filtering, structure, and functionality. 

Some Common types of Firewall

1. Packet filtering
2. Proxy Service Firewall
3. Stateful Inspection
4. Next-Generation Firewall (NGFW)
5. Unified Threat Management (UTM) Firewall
6. Threat-Focused NGFW

1. Packet Filtering

This type of firewall controls the flow of data to and from a network by allowing or blocking packets based on their source address, destination address, and the application protocols used.

2. Proxy Service Firewall

Proxy firewalls operate at the application layer, acting as an intermediary between networks. They filter messages to protect the network by serving as the gateway for specific applications.

3. Stateful Inspection

Stateful inspection firewalls manage network traffic based on the state of the connection, port numbers, and protocols. They apply filtering rules defined by administrators, considering the context of the traffic.

4. Next-Generation Firewall (NGFW)

According to Gartner, Inc., next-generation firewalls offer deep packet inspection along with application-level monitoring, intrusion prevention, and external threat intelligence. They provide more advanced capabilities beyond traditional port and protocol inspection.

5. Unified Threat Management (UTM) Firewall

UTMs combine various security functions into a single device, often integrating stateful inspection, intrusion prevention, and antivirus protection. They may also include additional features and cloud management options, designed for ease of use.

6. Threat-Focused NGFW

These firewalls are designed for advanced threat detection and response. They utilize network and endpoint event correlation to identify and address evasive or suspicious activities effectively.

This overview has provided a snapshot of cyber threats and cybersecurity measures. Next, let’s explore the career opportunities available in the field of cybersecurity and the skills required to succeed in this dynamic and rapidly evolving industry.

How to Start a Career in Cyber Security?

Pursuing a career in cyber security means discovering a booming industry where jobs surpass qualified candidates. The Covid pandemic situation has accelerated the demand and the number of cyber security jobs is expected to rise by 33% from 2020-2030 as predicted by the U.S Bureau of Labor Statistics. So, you might be thinking about how to become a cyber security expert.

You must possess certain educational qualifications to be eligible for cyber security engineer job roles. Here are some of the cyber security prerequisites required for aspiring professionals that we present to you in our cyber security tutorial:

1. First,  candidates must obtain their Bachelor's/Master’s degree in CS computer science, IT, engineering, or any other IT similar field.
2. Must have fluency with web technologies & programming languages like C++, Python, Ruby, Go, Java, Power Shell & Node.
3. They must be well-versed in the handling and maintenance of Firewalls and other endpoint security measures.
4. Around 2 -3 years of experience in performing cybersecurity-related job roles (subjected to already working professionals).

With the increased demand for certified cyber security professionals and a gap in demand and supply, it becomes inevitable to indulge in Cyber Security training certification courses. Here are the top 5 reasons to get certified-

1. Increased demand for certified cyber security experts in the IT industry.
2. Keep yourself updated with the latest trends and evolution in the field of cyber security.
3. Cyber security professionals are one of the highest-paying jobs in the USA.
4. A plethora of scope and opportunities for aspiring professionals.
5. Candidates from any background can enroll in these courses. 

Major Cyber security Certifications and Prerequisites

• CompTIA Security+: Entry-level certification perfect for beginners. The prior knowledge includes an understanding of computer systems and networks.
• Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP): CISSP is for individuals having minimum qualifications. Must have at least five years of two or more of the eight domains’ paid work experience.
• Certified Ethical Hacker (CEH): CEH certification training focuses on the way hackers think and operate. Must have at least two years of IT experience; should be well-versed in networking technologies.
• Certified Information Security Manager (CISM): The best option for IT professionals seeking to move to the management level. Three years of management experience, and 2 years of supervisory experience.

Enthusiasts going through our cybersecurity tutorial would have understood by now that  professionals having cyber security  certifications have a bright career ahead as they are more adept in leveraging the cyber security techniques.

According to a report by the National Association of Software and Services Companies, there is a shortage of 1 million cyber security personnel to deal with cyber threats. DSCI market has predicted that the cyber security market will hire nearly 10 lakh professionals by 2025. 

The International Data Corporation (IDC) forecasts that the global cyber security market will reach $174,7 billion in 2024. Over the past year, the demand for cybersecurity professionals has risen by 60%. This has led to a surge in cyber security salary which makes it one of the most lucrative career options in 2024 and beyond. To become a cyber security professional, one can enroll in cyber security certification courses like CISSP training or CEH training at JanBask Training. Let us see the top job roles in cyber security that we would like to look forward to after winding up with our cybersecurity tutorial.

1. Cyber Security Analyst- They are responsible for planning, designing, and implementing security measures and controls. According to Payscale, the average annual salary of a Cyber Security Analyst is approximately $80,888 in the US and can go up $123,000 depending on several factors.  The average annual salary is based on the 3,228 salary profiles as of late 2024.
2. Chief Information Security Officer(CISO)- They are in charge of designing and reviewing the security policies and risk mitigation plans of a company. A CISO earns an average salary of a whopping $173,504 per year as per PayScale and can go up to $269,000 p.a. The average annual salary is based on the 782 salary profiles as of late 2024.
3. Network Security Engineer- The Network Security Engineer ensures how smoothly a business operation runs. According to Payscale, a Network Security Engineer earns about $97,208 p.a. Approx, which is the average annual salary in the US. The average annual salary is based on the 516 salary profiles as of late 2024
4. Cyber Security Manager- They are involved with the processing of strategies for the improvement of data and network security. The average salary of Cyber Security Managers is about $136,749 p.a, according to PayScale. Salaries are subject to increase depending on performance. The average annual salary is based on the 238 salary profiles as of late 2024
5. Security Architect- Security Architects are responsible for designing the complete network and computer security architecture. As per PayScale, the approx average annual salary for Security Architects in the US is $137,682. The average annual salary is based on the 553 salary profiles as of late 2024.

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Conclusion

With the right blend of passion, experience and the right certifications, you can kickstart your career in cyber security. Our cyber security tutorials cover all fundamentals of cybersecurity, including ethical hacking, penetration testing and the cyber security career path. You can also enroll in Cyber Security certification training by JanBask Training to get a vibrant career ahead. The courses like CISSP and CEH will equip you with industry-relevant skills to become a cyber security expert and prepare you for the best jobs. Hopefully, this cyber security practical tutorial was of immense help for aspirants who want to start their dream career in cyber security.

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FAQs

Q1. What will the cyber security tutorial certifications help me with?

Ans- The certifications will help you to-:

• Spot vulnerabilities
• Fend off attacks
• Respond to emergencies
• Spot Unauthorized Access
• Secure data from attack

Q2. What are the key features of our cyber security courses online?

Ans- The unique features of our cybersecurity tutorial courses Are

• Instructor-led interactive online sessions
• Course completion certification
• Access self-paced videos and webinars
• Lifetime access to study material
• 24*7 student support

Q3. What is the eligibility for cyber security courses at JanBask Training?

Ans- Candidates should have a bachelor’s degree or an equivalent degree. Candidates with a basic understanding of Database Applications and Network Security should apply for career advancement opportunities. 

Q4. What is the admission procedure for these courses?

Ans- The applicants must fill up the application form and submit it. To get admission in the cyber security course online, the applicants must pass the entrance exam. with the requisite score. Following this there will be reviewing and verification of shortlisted candidates. Once the payment is done, the shortlisted candidates will be enrolled for cyber security courses online.                      

Q5. Can I get jobs without a certification exam?

Ans- To earn better job opportunities, you need to be clear of the certification exam; without qualifying for the entrance, job opportunities will be limited. However, to get started you can always refer to the best selling Cybersecurity books.

Q6. Why should I enroll in these courses?

Ans- The advancement of technology has led to the growth of hackers everywhere. Due to this many businesses have experienced cyber attacks at some stage. Hence, there is a need for cybersecurity professionals in every sector. By enrolling in cyber security tutorial training, you will equip yourself with the necessary skills to protect businesses from cyber threats.

Q7. What is the objective of these courses?

Ans- Our cyber security courses online can teach you how to secure networks and data against malicious threats, damage, and illegal access. They can also help you support IT security initiatives and acquire a variety of security certifications. The students would be able to detect threats, and they can create system components that are more secure and provide their organization with the best possible defense against sophisticated cyberattacks.

Q8. Who is eligible for these courses?

Ans- The Cyber Security Training Course is for Freshers who want to kick start their careers in this field. This course is also for professionals who are looking for a career change or to enhance their skills.

Q9. What will I learn from these courses?
Ans- From these cyber security training online courses, you will be able to

• Stay up to date on cybersecurity best practices
• Learn the basic authentication mechanisms
• Identify the malware types; propagation methods
• Cryptography terminologies and applications
• Apply risk analysis and management techniques

Q10. What are the benefits of doing these courses online?
Ans- With online classes, you can-

• Gain access to LMS, quizzes, installation guides, and class recordings. Access anytime and anywhere at your own convenience!
• Get access to 24*7 live Instructor-led sessions from industry experts and become job ready.
• Earn lifetime access to top cyber security online courses for beginners and experts that are tailor-made to suit the changing industry dynamics.
• Community forum for learners to facilitate peer to peer interaction and knowledge sharing.