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Do you want to pursue a career in the DevOps domain? Then Jenkins is the most coveted tool, and in order to help you outshine in Jenkins, ensure to complete the DevOps certification training course and land a Jenkins interview. You need to give your best shot. Therefore we’ve compiled Jenkins Interview questions and answers, which will help you crack the interview in 2023 and beyond.
Jenkins is a popular DevOps tool that helps you to automate the business process with the help of plug-ins. If you want to acquire more valuable insights, refer to this DevOps engineer learning path. Experts directly involved in the hiring process take these Jenkins interview questions and answers. Curious to check out the list of questions, then read the blog thoroughly and start the preparation immediately.
Jenkins is a popular automation tool with source code repositories and plugins written in Java and is responsible for continuous integration and delivery. With the help of Jenkins, software products are tested continuously, and it becomes easy for developers to integrate changes with the existing project whenever needed. So, making a new build with Jenkins is much easier than you may think. It enhances the continuous delivery of the project by integrating the software with plenty of testing tools and deployment methodologies. You can get more information about Jenkins from the Jenkins tutorial.
Once you are sure of the definition of Jenkins, let us discuss the use cases mentioned below –
Yes, Of Course! This is the Java programming language that is used to build Jenkins.
Here, you can check the most popular features of Jenkins at a glance –
Continuous integration is a widespread software engineering practice where isolated changes are tested frequently and reported simultaneously. After this, changes are added to the larger code base. Continuous integration is one of the best DevOps practices, too, where the code is integrated with the repository rapidly, several times a day as well. Further, the integration is validated through automated builds and tests.
A Jenkins Pipeline is simply a set of plugins that support continuous integration and implementation in Jenkins.
The continuous delivery pipeline is the automated expression of the process for version control from different users or customers.
The Jenkins pipeline details are stored in a file that is named the Jenkins file, and it is further connected to the source code repository in general.
Here, we have given a pretty simple example for your reference –
Jenkinsfile (Declarative Pipeline)
pipeline {
agent { docker ‘maven: 3.3.3’}
stages {
stage (‘build’){
steps{
sh ‘mvn—version’
}
}
}
}
This is a highly simple concept in Jenkins that presents a more simplified syntax on the top of pipeline sub-systems. pipeline block example as given below –
Pipeline {
/*insert Declarative Pipeline here */
}
Apache Groovy is a dynamic object-oriented programming language used as a Java platform scripting language. Groovy manages the Jenkins pipeline and allows multiple teams to participate in different languages for the job. The syntax of Groovy is quite similar to that of Java, making it more compatible with the Java interface. The language has elements such as Java compatibility and development support.
You can start a Jenkins setup to build jobs by following these steps:
The following are the commands used to launch Jenkins
Jenkins stores all configuration settings, build scripts, and logs in the home directory. Then, if you wish to make a backup of this Jenkins configuration, simply copy this directory. The job directory can also be duplicated in order to clone or rename it.
Continuous Delivery refers to developing, testing, and releasing software code modifications. The essential aspect of the CD is that the code is constantly deployable. Continuous Deployment is the last step in the DevOps process. It refers to the automatic transfer of developer changes from the repository to the production phase.
To operate Jenkins, you need the following:
Some of the other leading continuous integration tools other than Jenkins are
Suppose you wish to deploy a custom build of a core plugin. In that case, you can follow the following measures:
There are multiple ways to move or copy Jenkins from one server to another:
Initially called Hudson, Jenkins came into existence when Oracle handled the ownership to resume the development of the product by renaming it, Jenkins.
Benefits of Jenkins are –
The minimum configuration required to download and install Jenkins on Linux-
The SCM tools can be defined as source code management tools. Jenkins supports SVN, Clearcase, CVS, Git, AccuRev, Perforce, RTC, and Mercurial.
Yes, using jenkins.exe start, we can start Jenkins.
An agent in Jenkins describes the complete pipeline or a particular stage where execution will occur or where the agent is located. This section is available at the higher level inside the pipeline block, but stage-level usage is generally optional. Refer to Jenkins cheat sheet for more information.
The objective of agent directives in Jenkins is to check how or where the pipeline can be executed. Most of the time, the agent is needed for all possible Jenkins pipelines.
To support a variety of use cases pipeline in Jenkins, the tool relies solely on parameters. These parameters are usually applied at the higher level of the pipeline block or within multiple stages of directives.
The post is one more additional step that will run upon the completion of a pipeline block. The post can support plenty of post-conditional blocks and makes execution much easier and more logical in DevOps.
When one or more stage directives are defined together, the stage is where bulk work can be described in detail. Make sure that for each stage directive, there is one stage defined properly to manage the discrete parts of the continuous delivery process like deploy, manage, or build, etc.
With the help of environmental directives, we can specify a complete sequence of the key-value pairs that could be defined as the environment variables too for different steps where the environment directive is located within the pipeline.
To re-trigger the Jenkins pipeline in multiple automated ways, triggers are defined in Jenkins. A few pipelines are integrated with sources like GitHub, BitBucket, or other triggers first, then implemented to perform a specific action.
With the help of input directives, you could prompt the inputs with the help of input steps. The stage is paused after different options have been applied and before you enter to the stage agent to evaluate its condition. When the input is approved, you could continue with the stage ahead. The parameters given as part of the input submission will be available in the environment for the rest of the stage.
In the case of the declarative Pipeline, plenty of nested stages can be defined together and executed in parallel. The parallel stages generally don’t contain any agents or tools because they are irrelevant here.
The scripted pipeline is very similar to the declarative pipeline built on top of the underlying pipeline sub-system. We can say that scripted pipeline is a general-purpose language based on Groovy. A list of features or benefits available in Groovy can also be used along a scripted pipeline. In brief, this highly flexible tool results in multiple continuous delivery pipelines.
When scripted pipelines are executed in sequential order from top to downwards, they are called control flows in the pipeline.
You need an accessible source code repository (SCR) and a working build script.
These are Maven, Git, GitHub, Amazon EC2, Join, HTML publisher, Green Balls, Copy artifacts, etc. I found these plugins that are highly popular mentioned above. But there are plenty of plugins available that can be used at your convenience. A tutorial guide for beginners on what is GIT will help you gain more knowledge about “GIT.”
This would be interesting, knowing that Hudson is the traditional name for Jenkins.
If any broken build is found, check the local workspace immediately and try to fix it quickly.
Maven
Ant
Jenkins
Selenium lets Jenkins run tests whenever there are any software shifts or environmental modifications. When the Selenium test suite is integrated with Jenkins, the testing is automated as part of the build procedure.
Bamboo
Jerkins
To build a multibranch pipeline in Jenkins, follow the following measures:
In Jenkins, a build can handle many input parameters.
DSL stands for Domain Specific Language. Jenkins position DSL is a plugin that permits us to specify jobs in the programmatic setup with minimal action. You can define your jobs in Jenkins by utilizing a Groovy language. They created the Jenkins job DSL plugin to form versions of the job and manage the records.
Jenkins uses the cron syntax to arrange a building job or SVN polling.
Cron syntax is described using five asterisks, each separated by a space. The syntax is as follows – [minutes] [hours] [day of the month] [month] [day of the week]. For example, if you wish to set up a cron every Monday at 11.59 pm, it would be
(59 11 * * 1)
Blue Ocean is a stylish UI for Jenkins that assists Jenkins in personalizing knowledge with modern design. Any user can design, analyze, and visualize Continuous Delivery pipelines through this interface. It doesn’t require specialized skills to build or understand the pipelines; everything is visually delivered. Also, detecting automation issues is effortless, as each step can be easily guided.
The agent directive tells Jenkins how and where to manage the pipeline or its subsets. All the pipelines need agents. The agent generates a workspace to be assigned that contains checkout files from source control and other extra working files required for the pipeline. It also pushes the steps required for execution by Jenkins when an executor is available.
All the settings, logs, and configurations are kept in the JENKINS_HOME directory.
As an example, let us consider the AWS cloud service. Cloud computing providers employ the CI/CD methodology to push their work to clients while receiving constant feedback. Jenkins is a tool for automating CI/CD pipelines. For example, multiple Jenkins plugins are available for AWS services, such as Amazon EC2 and ECS.
The Git plugin is used when you are utilizing Git as the repository.
Yes. Automated tests can be run via tools like Selenium or Maven. Developers can prepare the test runs. Jenkins shows the test results and ships a report to the developers.
Ansible is a fantastic asset for IT automation and can be utilized in a CI/CD procedure to set up the target environment and an application on it. The continuous integration and delivery (CI/CD) method utilizing a Jenkins pipeline is the most practical method to use Ansible for environment provisioning and deployment.
Refer to the Ansible tutorial for a more straightforward introduction to how to use Ansible. Jenkins is a fantastic tool for automation in CI/CD. Shell scripts are regularly used to provision environments or deploy applications in the pipeline stream. Despite the fact that this could work, keeping up with and reusing the contents over the long haul is bulky.
The motivation behind utilizing Ansible in the pipeline stream is to reuse jobs and playbooks for provisioning, leaving Jenkins as a procedure orchestrator rather than a shell script agent.
I hope you enjoyed reading this blog for top Jenkins interview questions in 2023. Now you’re well prepared for these top 54 Jenkins interview questions from a fresher's level to a professional level.
If there is something in your mind regarding interview questions on Jenkins, don’t forget to share it with us. Once you carefully review each of these Jenkins interview questions and answers for DevOps engineers, there is no way to stop you from getting your dream job.
For a detailed explanation and the proper interview assistance, join the DevOps certification training course online at JanBask Training and fly higher like never before.
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