SDLC Models Is Bound To Make An Impact In Your Business

Introduction

SDLC commonly known as Software Development Life Cycle is the engineering principle behind any software or system development. Well, there are multiple development lifecycles, but the basic idea behind all of them are the same. The basic idea revolves around planning, analysis, designing, implementation, and maintenance. This lifecycle can be applied for hardware configurations, software configurations or a project dealing with a combination of both. It is always carried out in phases and follows a defined process. SDLC is not a methodology, but phases of lifecycle development. All other frameworks which work on this principle as the bottom line forms the methodologies.

Understand following SDLC Models

Deep Dive into Waterfall Model - Let's see what it means !!

The sequential model in the software industry is known as the waterfall model. It is the initial software development model, which was being used in the IT industry. This model came into existence in 1970, as introduced by Winston Royce. This is divided into multiple phases where each phase is supposed to perform some activity. The behavior of a particular model is quite linear in aspect, and all phases have to be completed prior to the start of the next one. 

• The initial step-up involves bringing in the needed information and performing analysis.The requirements are being captured, analyzed and documented in the functional requirement specification documents. 
• Based on the requirement analysis, design is being thought of and prepared. It helps in even defining the system architecture and the hardware changes if needed. 
• Once the design is being ready, the implementation of this design happens in smaller pieces. Once all the units are being developed they get integrated with the next phase.  
• The next phase involves integration and testing. Here all the small developed components are being integrated together and then the testing activity is being performed. 
• The completion of functional and non-functional testing calls for the deployment of the overall system into the client environment or a product release.
• The last phase includes maintenance which keeps on going because even after getting deployed at client location there could be some fixes or changes which might be needed to make the experience much more smooth. 

What do you understand about Agile?

The way agile works is totally opposite in the way waterfall functions. Agile functions with a combination of iteration and incremental approach in the process. Agile methodology accepts quick change and works in an iterative method to achieve it. It focuses on process adaptability and client satisfaction with the rapid development of the product. Agile does not become rigid like a waterfall, but it believes that every project is different and unique, and they need to be handled differently to meet the business goals. 

There are four agile manifesto which is being practiced -

•  Agile development requires individuals to be self-motivated and organized. 
• Agile always believes in working software and any communication takes place by the demo of the working product. 
• As agile always works in an iterative approach, regular customer interactions become part of the process. 
• The process focuses on a quick response to the change and accepts the change at any level.

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The famous agile frameworks are - Scrum, Kanban, XP and SAFe

Scrum is one of the frameworks of agile and is very widely used especially in product companies. Scrum mostly works on a simple method of experience. It is divided into sprints which might range from 2 to 3 weeks. The code progression and functionality testing should be completed within that period for a given set of tasks. These tasks are being taken from the sprint backlog which in turn is derived from the product backlog.

Kanban works on real-time communication of capacity and the idea of being transparent. Kanban is so much in use these days, that it is seeing tremendous growth but actually Kanban came into existence in the 1940’s where Toyota implemented this process to perform re-engineering for its business functions. It has a separate board known as Kanban board which acts as a display for showing the work in progress of the entire Kanban Team. 

XP known as Extreme Programming focuses on very frequent change and always works towards fulfilling customer demands. The developers do very quick and frequent releases. It sometimes involves collaborative programming and performing extensive code review and unit testing. 

SAFe is the world’s leading and fastest-growing agile framework which is helping complex organizations to achieve benefits of the agile model. It works on a predictable pattern and schedule and helps to deliver value to the business. The main idea behind SAFe is that it focuses on the Lean-Agile model, and engages even leadership for training and learning. 

Let's now understand the famous V-Model in SDLC

As the name suggests, this model gets into V shape and follows a sequential flow. The model is completely known as the Verification and Validation Model. It is sometimes also called as the expanded version of the waterfall model This model visualizes testing in each step during the software development lifecycle. 

• Some of the suitable use-cases where V-Model is really useful are - 
• When the requirements are static, documented in a clear way and do not tend to change.
• The product defined is stable. 
• Even technology to be used is static and this understanding is clear to the team members. 
• Ambiguity does not become part of V-Model execution. 
• Mostly preferred for short term projects. 

The principles of V-Model are - 

• Since each phase involves testing, it moves from big to small. Testing is performed with the requirement hierarchy in mind. 
• The integrity of data and process should be taken care of at each phase and this should not be compromised. 
• It works in such a way that it gives room for project scalability. 
• Due to phase-wise testing, there is a direct link between requirements and changes. 
• It believes in maintaining a proper and tangible document.

What do you understand about the RAD Model?

The industry calls it as no planning model, maybe because of the way it functions.RAD stands for Rapid Application Development and focuses on iterative development and prototyping approach. The whole idea revolves around rapid delivery and meeting the customer needs. The approach is to collect client feedback through workshops, different meetings and work on the prototype coding and testing mechanism. Since it involves a minimum amount of planning, it is derived as a working model and specializes in a product component.

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The project which works under the RAD model has an iterative approach with a smaller team, comprising a group of developers, subject matter experts, and domain experts who all focus on rapid and quick delivery. 

Let’s see the use - cases where the RAD model can be used - 

• This model should be incorporated when the system can be modularized and can work in an incremental approach. 
• It should be used when there are multiple designers available to perform business modeling. 
• Since this model works in an automated way, there is not any budget constraint so that automation tools can be purchased. 
• This model works best when the project details can be reviewed by the customer every 2 - 3 months of time.

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What do you understand about the Spiral Model?

When the iterative approach and the sequential phase of development combines, spiral model forms. That means the spiral model is a combination of waterfall and linear development process. This model leads to incremental product release with each iteration passing by forming a spiral pattern.

Four phases in the spiral model are - 

• Identification 
• Design
• Build
• Evaluation and Risk

This model is widely used in the IT industry because it easily gets synced with any product development, as it is a blend of an iterative and linear approach. Let’s see the use - cases when spiral model can best make use of - 

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• Typically in an environment when risk has to be evaluated and there is a budget limitation factor. 
• Works well in medium-scale projects. 
• It works out well when customers themselves are not very clear about their needs.
• This model helps to solve complex requirements and the evaluation method gives a clear picture. 
• When it is expected that there would be significant changes in product development. 

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Understanding of Rational Unified Process in a better way

Rational Unified Process is linked with agile methodology because it follows the iterative development approach. This framework was created by Rational Software Corporation, a division of IBM in 2003. It is a more adaptive framework where organizations and project teams select the processes which are beneficial to fulfill their development needs. The development framework cycle followed in RUP is also known as the RUP hump chart. 

RUP works in four phases in the development method where each phase is bound to work around business modeling, analysis and design, implementation, testing and then deploying the product. The four phases are - 

• Inception - This phase makes the project team think whether to work on the requirement or not. The idea is stated, and everyone determines the worth of the project. 
• Elaboration - The needs of the project gets discussed and documented. The applicable system, software and hardware changes are being analyzed by the development team.
• Construction - Based on the above discussions and analysis, the product gets developed. The coding gets completed, verified and tested completely. 
• Transition - Finally the product release happens and it is handed over to clients for their use and to get their feedback.

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Conclusion

So by now, you all might have understood how strong the software development life cycle is and what wonders it can do in the project management world. Actually, not only IT but this framework if applied properly can solve problems of any project across various domains and industries. Like I always, enjoy all your learnings with positiveness and a zeal to accelerate it. Happy Learning Learners !!

Read: What Should You Know About A Business Analyst Internship?

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