How to troubleshoot and resolve upstream connection issues?
I am the lead network engineer for a particular company that can operate a large-scale e-commerce platform. Recently, the customers have been experiencing Intermittent connectivity issues which are impacting their ability to complete transactions. My particular monitoring system has flagged a significant number of upstream connection errors, with resetting occurring after headers are sent. How can I troubleshoot this particular issue?
In the context of DevOps, here are the steps given for how you can troubleshoot and resolve the issue:-
Checking the network logs
You can examine the logs from the web-based server and then load the balancer for upstream connection errors.
Network diagnostic
You can use tools such as “traceroute” to diagnose the network path issue between your particular server and the server upstream.
Monitor the traffic
You can employ network monitoring tools such as Wireshark to capture and analyze for anomalies.
Diagnosing reset after headers are sent
Analysis of the HTTP headers
You can check the server access logs for patterns of error in the HTTP headers sent or received.
Checking the application logs
You can inspect the application logs for the error during the time of processing of Headers.
Network packet analysis
You can use the “tcdump” to capture and analyze the with Wireshark to see if a reset occurs after specific headers.
Termination connection termination
Review the server metrics
You should check the server metrics for the resources exhausting which can cause the connection drops.
Examine firewalls / IDS rules
You should try to ensure that the security system does not mistakenly terminate the connection.
Client-side logs
You can collect and also review the logs from the client to identify if termination are related to client-side issues.
Here is the approach based in java:-
Import java.io.BufferedReader;
Import java.io.InputStreamReader;
Import java.io.IOException;
Public class NetworkManagement {
Public static void main(String[] args) {
checkNginxLogs();
networkDiagnostics(“example-upstream-server.com”);
capturePackets();
checkAppLogs();
checkServerMetrics();
checkIptablesLogs();
// Nginx configuration for increased timeouts and rate limiting
String nginxConfig = “http {
” +
“ limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=one:10m rate=1r/s;
” +
“ server {
” +
“ listen 80;
” +
“ server_name example.com;
” +
“ location / {
” +
“ limit_req zone=one burst=5;
” +
“ proxy_connect_timeout 300;
” +
“ proxy_read_timeout 300;
” +
“ proxy_send_timeout 300;
” +
“ proxy_pass http://my_backend;
” +
“ }
” +
“ }
” +
“}
”;
// HAProxy configuration for load balancing
String haproxyConfig = “frontend http_front
” +
“ bind *:80
” +
“ default_backend my_backend
” +
“backend my_backend
” +
“ balance roundrobin
” +
“ server app1 192.168.1.1:80 check
” +
“ server app2 192.168.1.2:80 check
” +
“ server app3 192.168.1.3:80 check
” +
“ server app4 192.168.1.4:80 check
”;
// AWS Auto Scaling Group configuration (CloudFormation)
String awsConfig = “Resources:
” +
“ MyAutoScalingGroup:
” +
“ Type: AWS::AutoScaling::AutoScalingGroup
” +
“ Properties:
” +
“ AutoScalingGroupName: my-asg
” +
“ MinSize: ”1”
” +
“ MaxSize: ”10”
” +
“ DesiredCapacity: ”5”
” +
“ VPCZoneIdentifier:
” +
“ - subnet-12345678
” +
“ - subnet-23456789
” +
“ LaunchConfigurationName: !Ref MyLaunchConfiguration
” +
“ MyLaunchConfiguration:
” +
“ Type: AWS::AutoScaling::LaunchConfiguration
” +
“ Properties:
” +
“ ImageId: ami-0abcdef1234567890
” +
“ InstanceType: t2.micro
” +
“ SecurityGroups:
” +
“ - sg-12345678
” +
“ KeyName: my-key-pair”;
// Prometheus configuration for monitoring
String prometheusConfig = “global:
” +
“ scrape_interval: 15s
” +
“scrape_configs:
” +
“ - job_name: ‘my_service’
” +
“ static_configs:
” +
“ - targets: [‘localhost:9090’]”;
System.out.println(“Nginx Configuration:
” + nginxConfig);
System.out.println(“
HAProxy Configuration:
” + haproxyConfig);
System.out.println(“
AWS Auto Scaling Configuration:
” + awsConfig);
System.out.println(“
Prometheus Configuration:
” + prometheusConfig);
}
Private static void runCommand(String command) {
Try {
Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(command);
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream()));
String line;
While ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
System.out.println(line);
}
Reader.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
Private static void checkNginxLogs() {
System.out.println(“Checking Nginx error logs for upstream errors…”);
runCommand(“grep ‘upstream’ /var/log/nginx/error.log | tail -n 20”);
}
Private static void networkDiagnostics(String server) {
System.out.println(“Running traceroute to “ + server + “…”);
runCommand(“traceroute “ + server);
System.out.println(“Running mtr to “ + server + “…”);
runCommand(“mtr -r -c 100 “ + server);
}
Private static void capturePackets() {
System.out.println(“Capturing network packets…”);
runCommand(“sudo tcpdump -I eth0 -w /tmp/packet_capture.pcap -c 1000”);
System.out.println(“Packet capture saved to /tmp/packet_capture.pcap”);
}
Private static void checkAppLogs() {
System.out.println(“Checking application logs for errors…”);
runCommand(“grep ‘error’ /var/log/myapp/app.log | tail -n 20”);
}
Private static void checkServerMetrics() {
System.out.println(“Checking server metrics…”);
System.out.println(“CPU and Memory usage:”);
runCommand(“top -b -n 1 | head -n 10”);
System.out.println(“Free memory:”);
runCommand(“free -m”);
}
Private static void checkIptablesLogs() {
System.out.println(“Checking iptables logs for dropped connections…”);
runCommand(“dmesg | grep ‘iptables’”);
}
}