What is the difference between c# virtual vs abstract?

 In the context of Salesforce, you can decide between using a virtual method and an abstract method to calculate the area of geometric shapes in C# by considering the following:-

Virtual method

You can use this particular method if you want to provide w default implementation in the base class but it would allow the derived class to override it if necessary.

This particular approach is suitable when you have a common algorithm area for calculating area which can be reused by all derived classes however it might need customization in some classes.

Here is the example given below:-

Using System;

Public class Shape

{

    Public virtual double CalculateArea()

    {

        // Default implementation returns 0.0

        Return 0.0;

    }

}

Public class Circle : Shape

{

    Public double Radius { get; set; }

    Public Circle(double radius)

    {

        Radius = radius;

    }

    // Override the CalculateArea method to provide specific implementation for circles

    Public override double CalculateArea()

    {

        Return Math.PI * Math.Pow(Radius, 2);

    }

}

Public class Rectangle : Shape

{

    Public double Width { get; set; }

    Public double Height { get; set; }

    Public Rectangle(double width, double height)

    {

        Width = width;

        Height = height;

    }

    // Override the CalculateArea method to provide specific implementation for rectangles

    Public override double CalculateArea()

    {

        Return Width * Height;

    }

}

Public class Program

{

    Public static void Main()

    {

        Circle circle = new Circle(5);

        Rectangle rectangle = new Rectangle(4, 6);

        Console.WriteLine(“Area of Circle: “ + circle.CalculateArea());

        Console.WriteLine(“Area of Rectangle: “ + rectangle.CalculateArea());

    }

}

Abstract method

You can use an abstract method if you aim to enforce derived classes for providing their implementation of the area calculation.

This approach is very much suitable when there is no meaningful in the base class and each derived class must implement its logic for area calculation.

Here is the example given Below:-

Using System;

Public abstract class Shape

{

    // Abstract method that must be implemented by derived classes

    Public abstract double CalculateArea();

}

Public class Circle : Shape

{

    Public double Radius { get; set; }

    Public Circle(double radius)

    {

        Radius = radius;

    }

    // Implementing the abstract CalculateArea method for circles

    Public override double CalculateArea()

    {

        Return Math.PI * Math.Pow(Radius, 2);

    }

}

Public class Rectangle : Shape

{

    Public double Width { get; set; }

    Public double Height { get; set; }

    Public Rectangle(double width, double height)

    {

        Width = width;

        Height = height;

    }

    // Implementing the abstract CalculateArea method for rectangles

    Public override double CalculateArea()

    {

        Return Width * Height;

    }

}

Public class Program

{

    Public static void Main()

    {

        Circle circle = new Circle(5);

        Rectangle rectangle = new Rectangle(4, 6);

        Console.WriteLine(“Area of Circle: “ + circle.CalculateArea());

        Console.WriteLine(“Area of Rectangle: “ + rectangle.CalculateArea());

    }

}

Therefore, choosing between using a virtual method and an abstract method depends on the requirements of the design and the level of control and flexibility that you want in your particular code.

Ultimately the choice depends upon the goal of design, coding structure, and the level of control and also the extensibility which you want to be achieved in your particular application.