What to do about this inexplicable setter behaviour during JSON deserialize?

487 Asked by dipesh_9001 in Salesforce , Asked on May 12, 2023

I'm trying to deserialize an API response into Apex classes using JSON.deserialize. Everything works fine, until I try to customise a setter on a list property. I've distilled this down to an anonymous Apex reproduction case.
class Child { String name {get; set;} } class Parent { String name {get; set;} List children { get; set { children = value; this.childCount = children.size(); } } Integer childCount {get; set;} } String jsonStr = '{"name": "Alice", "children": [{"name": "Bobby"},{"name": "Charlie"}]}'; Parent p = (Parent)JSON.deserialize(jsonStr, Parent.class); System.debug('p.childCount: ' + p.childCount); System.debug('p: ' + JSON.serialize(p)); System.debug('p.children.size(): ' + p.children.size());
This produces the debug output:
|DEBUG|p.childCount: 0 |DEBUG|p: {"name":"Alice","children":[{"name":"Bobby"},{"name":"Charie"}],"childCount":0} |DEBUG|p.children.size(): 2
Note that childCount is 0, but children is set correctly. I can even get the correct count after the deserialization is complete. That doesn't make sense, so I added some debugging to my setter:
set { System.debug('value: ' + JSON.serialize(value)); children = value; System.debug('children.size(): ' + children.size()); System.debug('children.clone().size(): ' + children.clone().size()); this.childCount = children.size(); }
this adds the debug output:

|DEBUG|value: [] |DEBUG|children.size(): 0 |DEBUG|children.clone().size(): 0
It appears that value is empty? And even if value has some special compiler-magic that prevents it from being inspected, children are also empty after the assignment. But I get the debugger output, so I know my setter is being called.
Finally, I tried using a new List to avoid any "specialness" around value:
set { children = new List(); children.addAll(value); System.debug('children.size(): ' + children.size()); this.childCount = children.size(); }
And now I don't even get the children:
|DEBUG|children.size(): 0 |DEBUG|p.childCount: 0 |DEBUG|p: {"name":"Alice","children":[],"childCount":0} |DEBUG|p.children.size(): 0
I have also tried writing an explicit getter, and using "this.children" instead of "children" in the setter, with no difference in results. What is happening?

Why do I care? The actual object model is much deeper, and the real "Parent" object is well down the hierarchy, and may have anywhere from 1 to thousands of children. I was trying to add a simple setter that captures the list size ("childCount"), and then clears the list if it has more than 10 members. I could iterate the whole deserialized structure, but a setter seems like a more efficient way to take action based on the contents of the property.

Answered by David EDWARDS

JSON deserialization (through JSON.deserialize()) creates object instances in a way that's different from how objects are created in the rest of Apex1. I don't think that's really relevant in this case, but it's something I like to keep in mind. Instead, I think the issue here is that the setter for List children is only run when the list is set and not when the list has items added to it (and it's being set while the list is still empty). Given that you are seeing the debugs you placed into the setter, it seems reasonable to say that JSON.deserialize() is:

    Internally keeping an instance of a List (initially empty)

Setting the intermediate Parent instance's children to that empty list

Which calls the setter

When you have the setter use its own new instance of List, you're breaking the reference to the internally maintained instance

So JSON.deserialize() is still adding children to its internal list instance, but it's not ending up in your completed object

1: One of the big differences is that constructors are not executed

What to do about this inexplicable setter behaviour during JSON deserialize?

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