Cybersecurity Career Guide for Beginners in 2024

1. Severe Lack of Cybersecurity Experts

Cybersecurity experts worldwide may lack the resources they need to combat the problems in the field effectively. And this can be a major reason why organizations are currently facing a major shortage of cybersecurity experts. In the banking and capital market sectors, only 14% of leaders indicated they have the necessary cybersecurity talent. In the public sector, this figure is 15%, while the energy and utility sector reported 20%, and the insurance and asset management sectors showed a 25% confidence rate. These statistics come from the 2023 World Economic Forum Cybersecurity Outlook. The Global Information Security Workforce Study (GISWS) found that there needed to be more cybersecurity experts worldwide to deal with the situation.

By 2022, 1.8 million cybersecurity experts will be needed in the U.S.A. The current lack of cybersecurity specialists in the country will increase job opportunities in the near future.

As reported by CyberSeek, the U.S. has 663,434 open positions for cybersecurity professionals, while the current workforce comprises just over 1.1 million individuals. This indicates that companies are functioning with only about two-thirds of the required skills.

2. Experts with Limited Knowledge

There is still a need in the business world for attentive workers with advanced skills. In addition, security experts have a consensus that they need more knowledge and resources to address cybersecurity threats effectively. Therefore, experts must get credentialed and learn what is cybersecurity? to respond effectively to cybersecurity dangers.

3. Global Demand

Operations and security management experts are in high demand around the world. However, Latin America has the most increased need for Incident and Threat Management positions, at 63%. In addition, demand for Incident and Threat Management specialists is 65% higher in the Middle East and Africa than other occupations.

This trend will significantly increase the number of professionals who will have a favorable effect on cybersecurity worldwide, despite businesses' best efforts to fill a wide variety of positions.

4. A High Salary

When it comes to cybersecurity jobs, one common question that arises is, "How much do cybersecurity jobs pay?". With a growing demand for skilled cybersecurity professionals and a steady supply of high-paying positions, cybersecurity is a great field to enter or advance in. As per Glassdoor, the average salary of a cybersecurity professional is an impressive $160609 per year. Let’s see some packages offered by top companies to cybersecurity professionals in 2024. 

Companies	Cybersecurity Engineer Salary per year
Apple	178,795 USD
Google	132,000 USD
Microsoft	$1L - $2L
Fortinet	150,000 USD
Cisco	166,673 USD
KPMG	107,972 USD
Amazon	126,192 USD
IBM	95,125 USD

5. Unlimited Expansion

Cybersecurity is a rapidly expanding field with plenty of room for career and academic advancement. Exploring careers in cyber security is essential for one’s career and business. Do you know why? According to the World Economic Forum, the worldwide talent shortage, affecting various countries and industries, could result in a deficit of 85 million workers by 2030, leading to an estimated $8.5 trillion in unrealized annual revenue. In the global cybersecurity sector alone, there is an urgent need for four million professionals to address this talent gap.

6. Future Employment in Cybersecurity

Cybersecurity experts will be able to contribute to the development of new tools and frameworks. From manufacturing to web development, cybersecurity will have far-reaching implications. With such a large client base, Cybersecurity is an attractive field of study and work. Cybersecurity personnel with the breadth of skills necessary to tackle today's most pressing security threats will never be in short supply.

1. Cybersecurity Analyst

It is one of the most prestigious roles in the industry, but the question is, what does a cybersecurity analyst do which is a cybersecurity career option considered popular? The role of a cybersecurity Analyst involves the development and execution of security protocols and safeguards. This includes creating plans, designs, and implementation strategies for security measures and controls. In addition, the individual or team responsible for overseeing the security access and performing internal and external audits to identify any potential threats to the network security is tasked with monitoring the network security.

Following are some of the other job responsibilities of a cybersecurity Analyst:

• Risk analysis
• Vulnerability testing
• Security assessments
• Network management
• Employee capacity building
• Building awareness of best practices

According to U.S. News & World Report, cybersecurity analysts are among the top-ranking jobs in its 100 Best Jobs, Best STEM Jobs, and Best Technology Jobs lists, with a median income of $102,600. These professionals are often called the "gatekeepers or security guards of information systems," reflecting their responsibility of keeping digital systems safe from intrusion. In addition, the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics estimates that employment in the field will grow by 35% between 2021 and 2031.

2. Chief Information Security Officer (CISO)

Designating a Chief Information Security Officer has gained popularity among enterprises and it is also considered as one of the bright careers in cyber security. In light of the escalating risks to cybersecurity in the rapidly expanding global economy, it is advisable to appoint a Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) who can synchronize the cybersecurity strategy with the company's vision, technology, and operations.

The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) follows a standardized procedure for identifying, developing, implementing, and maintaining organizational processes to prevent security breaches. In addition, the individual is responsible for creating and assessing a business's security policies and strategies and developing plans to mitigate potential risks.

The salary range for a Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) is between $105,000 and $264,000, with an average salary of $118,260. As per the C.S.O., the position typically requires a bachelor's degree in computer science or a related field, a minimum of 5 years of experience in a management role, familiarity with various security technologies and practices, and knowledge of industry and business regulations.

3. Network Security Engineer

The Network Security Engineer's role is crucial to any organization's success. The primary responsibilities of this job are:

• Identifying vulnerabilities
• System maintenance
• Improving automation

The role of a network security engineer encompasses the management and maintenance of network and security-related hardware and software. This includes but is not limited to firewalls, routers, virtual private networks, and other related technologies. The annual salary for the position in question is $115,949, ranging from $58,000 to $168,000.

4. Cybersecurity Manager

The role of the cybersecurity Manager is to oversee and maintain the security protocols implemented by an organization. In addition, they participate in the strategic planning processes to enhance data and network security. The managers oversee a team of I.T. professionals who work around the clock to improve data management and security protocols and systems.

The role of cybersecurity Managers involves conducting essential research on current cyber threat trends. This research informs the development of security policies within a company.

Individuals in this position, commonly called information security managers or information systems security managers, typically receive compensation ranging from $150,000 to $225,000. This role usually involves identifying potential vulnerabilities, enhancing security measures to protect valuable company data, and overseeing the information systems team.

5. Cybersecurity Architect

The role of a security architect involves designing a comprehensive architecture for network and computer security. Security planning and design professionals are responsible for developing various security components. In addition, security architects are crucial in providing recommendations for security policy and protocol changes.

According to CyberSeek, the average salary for this position is $163,121. However, it is worth noting that 22% of employers seeking candidates for this role require a master's degree. The competencies needed for this role encompass information and network security, cryptography, information systems, and authentication. The median annual compensation for senior cybersecurity architects is $172,267, with a salary range of $105,000 to $253,500.

In this detailed cybersecurity career guide, we’ve covered most of the cybersecurity roles along with the impressive packages they offer. So far, we must have provided you with enough motivation to seriously pursue a career in cyber security. Now let’s guide you on where to start if you are still a beginner.

1. Get a Degree

Approximately 90% of job postings in this industry require a bachelor's degree in cybersecurity, computer science, or a related discipline. A regular degree remains the most common approach to launching a cybersecurity job. A cybersecurity bachelor's degree can be obtained online or in person. If you cannot commit to a four-year degree, an associate degree in cybersecurity or computer science can get you a foot in the door in most circumstances.

2. Obtain Experience through Internship

You may be wondering how to obtain expertise in cybersecurity without first getting a job in the sector. Consider internships as a starting point. An internship provides you with the practical skills and experience that employers need. It also gives you a competitive advantage over other applicants when looking for work. Depending on the company, cybersecurity internships may be paid or unpaid. Other methods to obtain relevant skills include working on solo cybersecurity initiatives and contributing to open-source projects. Whatever path you choose, keep track of your progress and experiences. Then, include these elements in your coding portfolio to increase your hiring chances.

3. Obtain Certification

Cybersecurity certifications demonstrate that your cybersecurity expertise and experience satisfy strict industry standards. As a result, these cybersecurity certificates can boost your employability and earnings potential.

Cybersecurity experts can get a variety of credentials through numerous offline and online cybersecurity courses. Some of the most prevalent choices are listed below.

• ISC: The International Information System Security Credential Consortium (I.S.C.) awards the Certified Information Systems Security Professional credential. This certification is appropriate for cybersecurity professionals with at least five years of experience. This title is a ticket to the senior position of chief information security officer (CISO).
• CISA: The Information Systems Audit and Control Association (ISACA)® certification proves your ability to audit, monitor, and control an organization's information systems. Only experts with five years of experience and a high test score are qualified for this accreditation.
• CISM: The Certified Information Systems Manager® certification is designed for experienced cybersecurity professionals who aspire to advance to leadership positions. This certification denotes knowledge of information security governance and incident and risk management. ISACA also manages this certification program.

4. Join community/forums

Forums can be a great way to learn the basic concepts of what is cybersecurity and kickstart several careers in cybersecurity. They provide an opportunity to ask questions and get advice from other experts in the field. Some forums may even have tutorials and resources offering a cybersecurity career guide and can help you know why cybersecurity is important and how to get into cybersecurity. However, it is essential to read reviews and research the forums before participating, as some may contain inaccurate or malicious information.

• Join online communities and forums dedicated to cybersecurity. Numerous online forums and communities are committed to cybersecurity and related topics. Participating in these forums and communities is a great way to gain knowledge, ask questions, and receive advice from experienced professionals.
• Follow cybersecurity professionals and organizations on social media. Social media platforms like Twitter and LinkedIn are great ways to stay current on the latest cybersecurity news, trends, and best practices. Following industry experts and organizations on social media can also offer you a comprehensive cyber security career guide along with opening opportunities to interact with professionals and ask questions.
• Attend cybersecurity events and conferences. cybersecurity events, conferences, and seminars are great opportunities to network with experts and professionals in the field and learn about new developments and best practices.
• Take online cybersecurity courses and certifications. Numerous cybersecurity courses online can help you better understand cybersecurity concepts and stay up to date on the latest developments and trends.
• Read cybersecurity publications. cybersecurity publications such as magazines, blogs, and websites are excellent sources of information about the latest cybersecurity news, trends, and best practices.

1. Cybersecurity Analyst

It is one of the most prestigious roles in the industry, but the question is what does a cybersecurity analyst do? The role of a cybersecurity Analyst involves the development and execution of security protocols and safeguards. This includes creating plans, designs, and implementation strategies for security measures and controls. In addition, the individual or team responsible for overseeing the security access and performing internal and external audits to identify any potential threats to the network security is tasked with monitoring the network security.

Following are some of the other job responsibilities of a cybersecurity Analyst:

• Risk analysis
• Vulnerability testing
• Security assessments
• Network management
• Employee capacity building
• Building awareness of best practices

According to U.S. News & World Report, cybersecurity analysts are among the top-ranking jobs in its 100 Best Jobs, Best STEM Jobs, and Best Technology Jobs lists, with a median income of $102,600. These professionals are often called the "gatekeepers or security guards of information systems," reflecting their responsibility of keeping digital systems safe from intrusion. In addition, the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics estimates that employment in the field will grow by 35% between 2021 and 2031.

2. Chief Information Security Officer (CISO)

Designating a Chief Information Security Officer has gained popularity among enterprises. In light of the escalating risks to cybersecurity in the rapidly expanding global economy, it is advisable to appoint a Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) who can synchronize the cybersecurity strategy with the company's vision, technology, and operations.

The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) follows a standardized procedure for identifying, developing, implementing, and maintaining organizational processes to prevent security breaches. In addition, the individual is responsible for creating and assessing a business's security policies and strategies and developing plans to mitigate potential risks.

The salary range for a Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) is between $105,000 and $264,000, with an average salary of $118,260. As per the C.S.O., the position typically requires a bachelor's degree in computer science or a related field, a minimum of 5 years of experience in a management role, familiarity with various security technologies and practices, and knowledge of industry and business regulations.

3. Network Security Engineer

The Network Security Engineer's role is crucial to any organization's success. The primary responsibilities of this job are:

• Identifying vulnerabilities
• System maintenance
• Improving automation

The role of a network security engineer encompasses the management and maintenance of network and security-related hardware and software. This includes but is not limited to firewalls, routers, virtual private networks, and other related technologies. The annual salary for the position in question is $115,949, ranging from $58,000 to $168,000.

4. Cybersecurity Manager

The role of the cybersecurity Manager is to oversee and maintain the security protocols implemented by an organization. In addition, they participate in the strategic planning processes to enhance data and network security. The managers oversee a team of I.T. professionals who work around the clock to improve data management and security protocols and systems.

The role of cybersecurity Managers involves conducting essential research on current cyber threat trends. This research informs the development of security policies within a company.

Individuals in this position, commonly called information security managers or information systems security managers, typically receive compensation ranging from $150,000 to $225,000. This role usually involves identifying potential vulnerabilities, enhancing security measures to protect valuable company data, and overseeing the information systems team.

5. Cybersecurity Architect

Security Architects' role involves designing a comprehensive architecture for network and computer security. Security planning and design professionals are responsible for developing various security components. In addition, security architects are crucial in providing recommendations for security policy and protocol changes.

According to CyberSeek, the average salary for this position is $163,121. However, it is worth noting that 22% of employers seeking candidates for this role require a master's degree. The competencies needed for this role encompass information and network security, cryptography, information systems, and authentication. The median annual compensation for senior cybersecurity architects is $172,267, with a salary range of $105,000 to $253,500.

1. Utilizing A.I. for Safety Purposes

The rising use of cutting-edge machine learning and other forms of artificial intelligence (A.I.) in detecting and counteracting dangers is an encouraging trend for 2024.

2. Intrusions into Company Databases

Threat actors will continue targeting an organization's database using phishing and other social engineering techniques to access sensitive information about the company's employees and customers.

3. Attacks from the Cloud Continue

Cloud security is still in its infancy, with many default cloud services failing to perform critical security tasks adequately. Threat actors are well aware of this, so security teams must keep pace with their companies' growing interest in the cloud.

4. Security Vulnerabilities in Mobile Devices

Mobile has become a prime target for cybercriminals with its increased usage in the last 5 years. Criminals exploit simple loopholes in e-commerce, banking, and reservation systems through mobile phones. Since mobile devices will be around for a while, the target population will increase.

5.Hacking Automobiles is on the Rise

These vulnerabilities and risks are exacerbated since modern vehicles use wireless technologies like Bluetooth and WiFi for communication. In addition, in 2023, hackers will likely focus on automated automobiles to acquire vehicle control or eavesdrop via the vehicle's microphones. As a result, cybersecurity measures must be highly robust to protect the more complicated mechanism used in self-driving or autonomous cars.

6. Healthcare system in Jeopardy

With more medical records stored digitally, as well as the ongoing effects of the COVID-19 epidemic, the healthcare industry is more at risk than ever before.

7. Zero Trust Cybersecurity

The Zero Trust model, which has garnered substantial attention recently, operates on the principle of distrusting all entities, both inside and outside your network. Every user and device is considered a potential threat, irrespective of their location. This approach emphasizes rigorous identity verification and continuous monitoring to maintain security.

In 2024, the adoption of Zero Trust cybersecurity will continue to rise. This proactive strategy helps protect against insider threats, external breaches, and lateral movements within the network. By implementing a Zero Trust framework, organizations can strengthen their security measures and significantly reduce the risk of unauthorized access.

8. Multi-factor Authentication

Relying solely on passwords for authentication is becoming obsolete. Multi-factor authentication (MFA) is now the standard for securing accounts and data. MFA enhances security by requiring multiple forms of verification, such as something you know (a password), something you have (a smartphone), and something you are (biometrics).

In 2024, MFA will be an essential security measure for both businesses and individuals. It greatly reduces the risk of unauthorized access, making it a crucial part of any cybersecurity strategy. Expect a significant increase in its adoption as organizations focus on protecting sensitive information.

9. Rising Threat of Deepfakes

The advancement of deepfake technology, which creates convincing yet fake audio and video content, is a growing concern. Deepfakes can facilitate social engineering attacks, impersonate individuals, and disseminate false information.

With the increasing threat of deepfakes, organizations must invest in detection tools and strategies to protect their reputation and ensure data integrity. Combating this threat will also require a focus on awareness and education

1. Malware

The term "malware" refers to any program designed to cause harm. The goal of malicious software is to steal information, corrupt files, or make the system unavailable. This is done covertly and may adversely affect your files, programs, or O.S. The prevalence of malware has increased to the point where it is a major external threat to computers. As a result, most businesses have to devote substantial resources to preventing and eliminating malware.

The rise of spyware, malicious software designed to eavesdrop on users, is another considerable security risk for businesses today. Spyware has been around that violated users' privacy for quite some time, but recently, it has become much more widespread. Spyware is a pervasive online threat that infiltrates computers to collect user data for advertising and financial gain.

Threats from outside of the malware realm pose a similar risk to businesses. Malware is a typical example of these types of cyber hazards. Phishing is the most popular type. Phishing is the fraudulent practice of luring victims to expose private data by deceptive means.

Other types of malware include worms, which can replicate and spread without user intervention; ransomware, which encrypts files and demands payment for their release; adware, which displays unwanted advertisements; trojans, which disguise themselves as legitimate software to exploit systems; and botnets, networks of infected computers controlled by attackers to launch large-scale attacks.

2. Spam and Phishing Activities

"Spam" refers to email and other forms of electronic communication that are not requested. Phishing is an intrusive sort of social engineering used to steal private information. The sender of the phishing email will look like a legitimate company or individual.

Cybercriminals will pose as trusted company representatives to steal your personal information and send you a warning email or text message. Typically, the news will invite you to respond by visiting a phishing website or sending personal information to an email address that looks legitimate. Additionally, the message's format will typically look official thanks to recognizable brand names and logos. However, if you submit information using the bogus link, the hacker will receive it.

3. Ransomware Attacks

Ransomware is malicious software that restricts or stops users from accessing their computer system. If you want access to your system or data again, ransomware will ask you to pay a ransom via an online payment channel. Virtual currencies like Bitcoin are commonly accepted through online payment systems. One of the most common types of malware employed in assaults is ransomware.

Infiltrating computer systems, ransomware uses public-key encryption to lock users out of their data. This encryption key is stored on the cybercriminal's server rather than being deleted along with the virus. This private key will be held for ransom by cybercriminals. Data is being held hostage by cybercriminals who are exploiting encryption as a weapon.

Spotting ransomware before it's too late is challenging, and the malware's techniques constantly improve. This highlights the importance of prevention initiatives at your institution. Employee training and strict information security procedures are two examples of preventative measures.

4. Password Attacks

With the help of automated password attack tools, hackers can quickly guess and crack a target's password by exploiting a previously discovered authorization flaw in the system.

To mimic a legitimate user and assume their rights, the attacker uses various techniques to get and disclose that user's credentials. One of the first methods of account security to be implemented was using a username and password. However, the adversary has likely already considered several methods to obtain easily-guessable passwords.

Applications that rely only on password authentication are susceptible to attacks since their weaknesses are well-known.

5. DDoS Attacks

Distributed denial of service or DDoS attacks disable an online service by flooding it with excessive traffic coming from many locations and I.P. addresses. During a distributed denial of service (DDoS) attack, the response time of a website decreases, blocking access to the site. Malware is planted by cyber criminals to create Botnets, which are vast networks of infected machines. There's a chance that DDoS attacks aren't even the most common cybercrime. As a diversionary tactic, the attacks can buy the perpetrators some time while they attempt other forms of fraud or cyber infiltration.

In response to distributed denial of service (DDoS) assaults, the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council (FFIEC) released a joint statement discussing prevention measures and available support.

6. SQL Injection

When an attacker exploits an SQL Injection vulnerability in your code, they can access your database and view any information stored there. SQL queries allow attackers to circumvent application-level security and read, write, or remove data from a database. SQL injection attacks can devastate websites and web applications that store data in relational databases like MySQL, Oracle, or SQL Server. In recent years, an increase in the number of security breaches has been caused by SQL injection attacks.

7. Supply Chain Attacks

Supply chain attacks involve targeting vulnerabilities in software or hardware supply chains to gain unauthorized access or compromise the security of downstream systems. Notable examples include the SolarWinds attack, where malicious code was inserted into software updates, compromising numerous organizations.

8. Zero-day Exploits

Zero-day exploits refer to vulnerabilities in software or systems that are unknown to the vendor and have not been patched. Attackers leverage these vulnerabilities to gain unauthorized access or conduct targeted attacks before patches or fixes are available. Zero-day exploits are highly valuable and sought after by cybercriminals and state-sponsored actors.

9. Internet of Things (IoT) Vulnerabilities

The increasing proliferation of IoT devices introduces new security risks. Insecure or poorly designed IoT devices can serve as entry points for attackers to compromise networks or conduct surveillance. Weak security practices, such as default passwords or lack of software updates, make IoT devices attractive targets.

10. Fileless Malware

Fileless malware operates in memory without leaving traces on the file system, making it challenging to detect. Attackers use legitimate system tools or exploit vulnerabilities in software to execute malicious code directly in memory. Fileless malware allows for stealthy persistence and can evade traditional antivirus detection.

11.Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs)

APTs are long-term targeted attacks conducted by skilled adversaries. These attacks involve a combination of sophisticated techniques, including reconnaissance, custom malware, and social engineering. APTs often target high-value assets, such as intellectual property, financial data, or government secrets.

12. Cloud Security Risks

Cloud computing brings convenience and scalability, but it also introduces new security challenges. Misconfigurations, inadequate access controls, and vulnerabilities in cloud services can lead to data breaches, unauthorized access, or data loss. Organizations must implement proper security measures and adhere to best practices to secure their cloud environments.

It's important to note that the cybersecurity landscape is constantly evolving, and new threats can emerge over time. Keeping updated with the cyber security skills and staying informed about the latest cybersecurity threats and implementing appropriate security measures, such as strong passwords, regular software updates, and user awareness training, can help mitigate the risks. 

One more thing that helps to steer clear of cybersecurity risks is the use of robust cybersecurity tools. Let’s learn about some of the most popular ones.